Gum Disease

Gums can bleed due to several factors, including poor oral hygiene, gingivitis, aggressive brushing, gum infections, hormonal changes, medications, vitamin deficiencies, gum trauma, and underlying medical conditions. Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to build up, leading to inflammation and bleeding. Gingivitis, an early stage of gum disease, causes swollen and bleeding gums.

Brushing too hard or using a toothbrush with hard bristles can damage the gums. Infections, often caused by bacteria, can attack the gum tissues and result in bleeding. Hormonal changes during pregnancy, puberty, or menopause can make gums more prone to bleeding. Certain medications and vitamin deficiencies can interfere with blood clotting and weaken blood vessels. Gum trauma from accidental injury can cause bleeding.

Underlying medical conditions such as leukaemia, diabetes, and blood disorders can impact gum health. Identifying the cause of gum bleeding is crucial, and it's important to maintain good oral hygiene, seek regular dental check-ups, and consult with a healthcare professional or dentist if needed to address the issue effectively.

Gingivitis is the early stage of gum disease, characterised by inflammation and swelling of the gums. It occurs when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, accumulates along the gumline and irritates the gum tissues. Poor oral hygiene, inadequate brushing and flossing, can allow plaque to build up and trigger gingivitis. Common signs of gingivitis include redness, tenderness, and bleeding of the gums, especially during brushing or flossing. Some individuals may also experience bad breath or a metallic taste in the mouth.

Fortunately, gingivitis is reversible with proper oral hygiene practices. Regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings can help remove plaque and prevent the progression of gingivitis to more severe forms of gum disease. It is important to address gingivitis promptly to maintain healthy gums and prevent potential complications.

Periodontal disease, commonly known as gum disease, is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the tissues and structures surrounding the teeth. It starts with the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, on the teeth and along the gumline. If not adequately removed through proper oral hygiene practices, the bacteria in plaque can release toxins that irritate and inflame the gums, leading to gingivitis, the early stage of periodontal disease. If left untreated, the infection can progress to periodontitis, where the gums pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that become infected.

Over time, the infection can damage the bone and supporting structures, causing tooth loss. Common signs of periodontal disease include swollen or tender gums, bleeding gums, persistent bad breath, receding gums, and loose teeth. Regular dental check-ups, proper oral hygiene, and timely treatment are crucial in managing and preventing the progression of periodontal disease.

The treatment for gum disease depends on the severity of the condition. Mild to moderate gum disease can often be treated with non-surgical methods, such as scaling and root planing, which involve a deep cleaning of the teeth and gums to remove plaque and tartar buildup. In severe cases, antibiotics may also be prescribed to fight off infection and reduce inflammation. More advanced cases of gum disease may require surgical intervention, such as flap surgery or bone and tissue grafts, to repair damaged gum tissue and bone.

In addition to professional treatment, good oral hygiene practices at home are essential for curing and preventing gum disease. Regular brushing and flossing can help remove plaque and prevent its buildup along the gumline. Using an antiseptic mouthwash can also help reduce bacteria in the mouth. Quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy diet can also improve gum health. Regular dental checkups and cleanings can help catch gum disease early and prevent it from progressing.